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When you happen to be studying to pass the BSCI exam and earn your CCNP certification, you are going to be introduced to ISIS. ISIS and OSPF are each link-state protocols, but ISIS works really differently from OSPF. You need to master these facts in order to earn your CCNP. One of the main differences amongst OSPF and ISIS will be evident to you when you very first begin your BSCI exam research, and that is the terminology. ISIS makes use of terms that no other protocol you've studied to date makes use of, and understanding these new terms is the 1st step to BSCI and CCNP exam success. Very first off, what does "IS" stand for in "ISIS"? It stands for "Intermediate Program", which sounds like a group of routers. As opposed to Autonomous Systems, which are logical groups of routers, an Intermediate Method is just a single router. That is it. You are going to also turn out to be familiar with End Systems, referred to in ISIS as an "ES". The End Program is simply an end host. your ionways athena water ionizer ISIS and OSPF each use the notion of regions, but ISIS takes a distinct method to this concept. ISIS routers use three distinct varieties of routing levels, according to the region a router has been placed in. Level 2 routers are connected only to the backbone and serve as a transit device among non-backbone locations. Level 1 routers are totally internal to a non-backbone area. water ionizer ISIS uses both Level-1 and Level-2 Hellos, which means that the two kinds of routers just mentioned can not form an adjacency. Luckily for us, there is a middle ground, and that is the Level 1-2 router. These routers connect non-backbone locations to backbone regions. L1-L2 routers keep two separate routing tables, 1 for L1 routing and an additional for L2 routing. This is the default setting for a Cisco router, and L1-L2 routers can form adjacencies with each L1 and L2 routers. Component of the challenge of learning ISIS is getting employed to the differences amongst ISIS and OSPF. Keep studying the terminology, master one notion at a time, and soon you'll be a master of ISIS and a CCNP to boot!